Solar Photovoltaic (PV) System Components

Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy systems are made up of different components. Each component has a specific role. The type of component in the system depends on the type of system and the purpose. For example, a simple PV-direct system is composed of a solar module or array (two or moremodules wired together) and the load (energy-using device) it powers. The most common loads are submersible waterpumps, and ventilation fans. A solar energy system produces direct current (DC). This is electricity which travels in one direction. The loads in a simple PV system also operate on direct current (DC). A stand-alone system with energy storage (a battery) will have more components than a PV-direct system. This fact sheet will present the different solar PV system components and describe their use in the different types of solar PV systems.